CleanIntermittentCatheterization(CIC)isamethodofregularlyemptying

thebladderthroughtheurethraorbladderstomausingacatheterunderclean

conditions.Itcanpreventbladderoverdistension,treaturinaryincontinence,

andpreventkidneydamage.CICissimpletooperateandcanbeperformed

bythepatientthemselvesortheirfamilymembersinthecommunityorat

home.

In1972,LapidesandothersproposedCICforthetreatmentofneurogenic

bladder(NB),whichquicklybecamealife-savingtreatmentforpatientswho

couldnotemptytheirbladderautonomously.Aftermorethan40yearsof

development,CIChasbeenrecognizedbytheInternationalContinence

Society(ICS)asthepreferredtreatmentmethodforbladderemptying.With

thepopularizationofCIC,iteffectivelypreventsvesicoureteralreflux(VUR)

andkidneydamageandreducestherateofbladderaugmentationinpatients

withNB.However,inmanycountries,theapplicationofCICisnotyetwide-

spread,andtherearenotmanyliteraturereportsonCIC,especiallyinchil-

dren.TheEuropeanUrologicalAssociationhasrecommendedthatCICcan

startinnewbornswithNBvoidingdifficulties.TheCICmayaccompanythe

patientslife,startingearlyandgettingusedtoCICearly,whichhelpsthe

patientintegrateintosocietyassoonaspossibleandreducetheoccurrenceof

psychologicalproblems.InorderforpatientsortheirfamiliestomasterCIC,

relevanttrainingisveryimportant.However,thereisstillalackofspecialized

worksonCICinternationally.Thepublicationofthisbookfillsthegapinthis

field.

ThisbookelaboratesonthecontentandclinicalsignificanceofCICfrom

threeaspects:thebasicknowledgeandproceduremethodsofCIC,theclini-

calapplicationofCIC,andtheevaluationandfollow-upofCICeffects.The

bookincludesthelatestnewconceptsofCIC,suchastheapplicationofblad-

dersafecapacityandsafepressure,andtheclinicalapplicationofpartial

(morningandevening)CIC,andspecificallyelaboratesonthecontentof

childrensCIC.Thisbookisanimportantreferenceforhealthcareworker,

graduatestudents,undergraduates,especiallyurologists,pediatricsurgeons

(pediatricurology),rehabilitationandneurologymedicalstaff,andthose

engagedinurinarybladdercontrolandostomycare.Finally,Iwouldliketo

expressmyspecialthankstomyteam,mycolleagues,andgraduatestudents

whohavestudiedandworkedtogether(namelistisshownintheendof

Foreword).Ihaveconsultedalargenumberofdomesticandforeignrefer-

ences,combinedwithmanyyearsofvoidingdysfunctiondiagnosisand